2016年1月11日 星期一

國三(上)文法 <關代4-3> 22-20 ans

                              國三()文法 <關代4-3>                  22-20
<>.關代的所有格,無論/非人皆用whose;  
也可寫成 ,the+部份+of+全部(which/whom),of+全部(which/whom)+the+部份
4. (a)Lily likes the shoes.                     (b)The color of them is purple.
Lily likes the shoes[which(x)whose<關代=所有格+>(0)color<S´.>is<Vi´.>purple.] è
Lily likes the shoes[of<>which<關代=全部>the color<部份=S´.>is<Vi´.>purple.]è
Lily likes the shoes[,the color<部份=S´.>of which<關代=全部>is<Vi´.>purple.]
中譯:莉莉喜歡紫色的那雙鞋.
  5. (a) My car has 5 doors.                (b)Its windows are broken.
My car<S.>[whose<關代=+>windows<S´.>are<Vi´.>broken]has<Vt.>5 doors. è
My car<S.>[of which<關代=全部>the windows<部份=S´.>are<Vi´.>broken]has<Vt.>5 doors.è
My car[,the windows<部份=S´.>of which<關代=全部>are<Vi´.>broken]has 5 doors.
中譯:我那台窗戶破損的車有五個門.
  6. (a)We had dinner at the restaurant.           (b)Its decoration surprised us.
We<S.>had<Vt.>dinner at the restaurant<>[whose<關代=+>decoration<S´.>
surprised<Vt´.>us.] èWe<S.>had<Vt.>dinner at the restaurant<>[of which<關代=
全部>the decoration<部份=S´.>surprised<Vt´.>us. ] è We<S.>had<Vt.>dinner at the
restaurant<>[,the decoration<部份=S´.>of which<關代=全部>surprised<Vt´.>us. ]
中譯:我們在那家裝潢令我們很驚訝的餐廳用過晚餐.
  7. 我在放學途中遇到許多傢伙,其中有些是我朋友. I<S.>met<Vt.>many guys on my way from
 School ,some<S´.>..of..them(x)/;some<S´.>..of..them(0)/,and<>..some<S´.>..of..them(0)/
,some <部份=S´.>..of..whom<關代=+>(0)were<Vi´.>my friends.  è
I<S.>met<Vt.>many guys on my way from school[,some of them were my friends.]=<形片>
. thatwhich的特殊用法
   (1). 關代that代替主格who /which,不可省略;代替受格whom /which,通常省略.
 (2). 關代的先行詞當中,包含非人,關代限用that.
(a)I often see the old man and his dog .    (b)Theyre walking around the lake.
I<S.>often see<Vt.>the..old..man..and..his..dog<先行詞=+非人>[who(x)/which(x)/
that<關代=S´.>are<Vi´.>walking around the lake. ] 中譯:我常看見正在湖邊散步的老人與狗.
   (3). 主要子句(主句)開頭疑問詞,為避免形成雙重問句,關代限用that.
        (a)Whos that slender girl?                (b)She wears long straight hair.
Whos that<指形>slender girl[who(x)/that(0)<關代=S´.>wears<Vt´.>long straight hair?]
   (4).先行詞的前面有the+序數/最高級/very/same/only/last等修飾語時,關代限用that
 1.克里夫是我最不想見.Cliff is the last person[who(x)/that(0)I want to see.]
 2.妮可是尼克10歲時的戀情人.Nicole was the first lover[who(x)/whom(x)/that(0)
Nick had a crush on at ten.]
 3.弟狼是我認識聰明小孩.
Delan is the cleverest/smartest kid[who(x)/whom(x)/that(0)I have ever known.]
 4.正是我最喜歡科幻片.Thats the very SiFi movie[which(x)/that(0)I enjoy most.]
5.正是我媽丟掉錢包.Thats the smae purse[which(x)/as(x)/that(0)my mom dropped.]
 5.1 我爸遺失的車鑰匙一樣.Thats the same car key[that(x)/as(0)my dad lost.]
 6.那是已建橋樑.Thats the highest bridge[which(x)/that(0)has been built.]
 6.1 他是跑抵終點線的唯一/第一個跑者.
He was the only/first one of the runners[who(x)/that(0)ran to the finish line.]
  (5).先行詞的前面有no/each/every/any/all等修飾語;或以nothing/everything/anything/
something/all/much/little代名詞先行詞,關代限用that.
 1.我們必須做點能夠拯救地球媽媽的事.
We must do something<先行詞>[which(x)/that(0)can save Mother Earth.]
 2.如果我們沒有做任何可以幫助那可憐小貓的事,它的小命就危險了.  If we           do ..nothing<>/dont ..do ..anything<>[which(x)/that(0)may help the poor kitten],
its life will be in danger soon.
 3.科學家對防止天然災害發生,所知有限.Scientists dont ..know ..much<>/know ..little<>
[which(x)/that(0)can prevent natural disasters from happening.]
4.任何努力工作人都會成功.Any<>..man<>[who(x)/that(0)works hard]will succeed.
5.只要有普通常識,沒有人會相信他的話.
No<>..one<>[who(x)/that(0)has common sense]can believe his words.
 6.你們現在該做的事就是好好想想未來. All<> ..the ..things<>[which(x)/that(0)you
have to do now]is to think carefully of your future.   è All<=>[which(x)/
that(0)you have to do now]is to think carefully of your future.  è
[What<O´.>< =複關代=all ..the ..things+that>you<S´.>have to do<Vt´.>now]< =N.Cl.=S.>is<Vi.>
to think carefully of your future.
7.你所需要的東西,我們都沒有.We dont ..have ..anything<>/ have ..nothing<>[which(x)/
that(0)you need.] èWe dont have<Vt.>[what< =複關代=先行詞+that>you need.]<=N.Cl.=O.>
 8.你有啥好玩的遊戲? Do you have anything<>fun[which(x)/that(0)we can play?]
èDo you have<Vt.>[what< =複關代=先行詞+that>fun we can play?]<N.Cl.=O.>
.下列三種情況,不可that做關代
      狀況一: 介系詞後面,不可that
1.我們目前住的房子是阿公的.
The house<S.>[which/that<關代=O´.>were<S´.+V´.>living in<>]is<Vi.>Grandpas.
èThe house<S.>[in<>that(x)/which(0)were<S´.+V´.>living]is<Vi.>Grandpas.

 2.我們正在等的人是個導演.The man<S.=>[who/whom/that<關代=O´.>were<S´.+V´.>waiting  for<>]is<Vi.>a director. èThe man[for<>that(x)/whom(0)were waiting]is a director.

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