2016年1月11日 星期一

國三(上)文法 <關代4-2> 22-19 ans

                         國三()文法 <關代4-2>                 22-19
<>.關代做主詞(S.),who/which可用that代替,不可省略.
12.警方逮到那個我們認為已經逃跑的. The police caught the thief
[whom(x)/who<關代=that=S´.>(0)we thought(插入句)ran<V´.>away.]
è[who/whom<關代=that=O´.>we<S´.>thought<Vt´.>to run away.]
13.只要聽那些你相信是誠實的人講的話.Listen only to the..people/those
   [whom(x)/that(x)who<關代=S´.>(0)you believe(插入句)are<V´.>honest.]
   è[who/whom<關代=that=O´.>you<S´.>believe<V´.>to be honest.]
14.我認為是我哥兒們的傢伙騙走了我的錢.The guy
[whom(x)/who<關代=that=S´.>(0)(I thought)was my buddy cheated me of my money.]è
[who/whom<關代=that=O´.>I<S´.>thought<V´.>to be my buddy cheated me of my money.]
.關係代名詞做受詞(受格),who/whom/which可用that代替,且通常省略.
 A. 關代做及物動詞(Vt.)受詞(O.)
  1. (a)The dress<S.>expensive.           (b)Lily likes it<O.>very much.
The dress<S.>[which<關代=that=O´.>Lily<S´.>likes<Vt´.>very much]is<Vi.>expensive.
中譯:莉莉喜歡的那件洋裝很貴.
  2. (a)Chineses<S.>an old language.        (b)Were using it<O.>.
Chineses<S.+Vi.>an old language[which<關代=that=O´.> were<S´.+V´.>using it.]
中譯:中文是我們正在使用的古老的語言.
  3. (a)Kate told a cold joke<O.>.           (b)We felt it<O.>boring<現分=O.C.>.
Kate<S.>told<Vt.>a cold joke<O.>[which<關代=that=O´.>we<S´.>felt<Vt´.>it boring.]
中譯:凱特講了一個我們覺得很無聊的冷笑話.
We<S.>felt<Vt.>the cold joke<O.>[which<關代=that=O´.>Kate<S´.>told<Vt´.>it]
was boring<現分=O.C.>     中譯:我們覺得凱特講的冷笑話很無聊.
  4. (a)Cockroaches<S.>are pests.(n.=S.C.)         (b)Most people hate them<O.>.
Cockroaches<S.>are<Vi.>pests[which<關代=that=O´.>most people<S´.>hate<Vt´.>them]
中譯:蟑螂是大多數人所討厭的害蟲.
Cockroaches<S.>[which<關代=that=O´.>most people<S´.>hate<Vt´.>them]are<Vi.>pests.
中譯:大多數人討厭的蟑螂是害蟲.
  5. (a)The butterfly<S.>was dead.               (b)I caught it<O.>by the lake.
The butterfly<S.>[which<關代=that=O´.>I<S´.>caught<Vt´.>it by the lake]
was<V.>dead.    中譯:我在湖邊捕捉到的那隻蝴蝶死掉了.
  6. (a)The science report<S.>was excellent.     (b)They did it<O.>on their own.
The science report<S.>[which<關代=that=O´.>they<S´.>did<Vt´>it on their own]
was<Vi.>excellent.    中譯:他們自己做的科學報告很優異.                                   B.關代做不及V.(Vi.)+Prep.受詞.  *留意此句型中介系詞位置與相關變化.
  1. (a)That popular singers<S.>Jay.               (b)Were talking about him<O.>.
That popular singer<S.>[whom<關代=who=that=O´.>were<S´.+Vi´.>talking about<>him]
is<Vi.>Jay.   èThat popular singer<S.>[about<>who(x)/that(x)/whom(0)<關代=O´.>   were<S´.+Vi´.>talking]is<Vi.>Jay.   中譯:那位我們正在談論的流行歌手是杰.
  2. (a)This was the farm house<名片=S.C.>.        (b)Ted was born in it<O.>.
This<S.>was<Vi.>the farm house[which<關代=that=O´.>Ted was born in<>it].
èThis was the farm house[in<>it(x)that(x)/which(0)<關代=O´.>Ted<S´.>was<Vi´.>        born].         中譯:這就是泰德所出生的農舍.
  3. (a)Its<S.+Vi.>the date<N.=S.C.>.    (b)My sister<S.>got<Vi.>married on that date<O.>.
Its<S.+Vi.>the date[which<關代=that=O´.>my sister<S´.>got<Vi´.>married on<>].
èIts<S.+Vi.>the date[on<>it(x)that(x)/which(0)<關代=O´.>my sister<S´.>
got< Vi´.>married<現分=S.C.>]     中譯:那就是我姊結婚的日子了.
  4. (a)Thats a famous painting<N.=S.C.>.  (b)Lots of visitors are looking at it<O.>.
Thats a famous painting<N.>[which<關代=that=O´.>lots of visiters<S´.>are<Vi´.>
looking at<>it.] èThats a famous painting<N.>[at<>it(x)/that(x)/which(0)
<關代=O´.>lots of visiters<S´.>are<Vi´.>looking.]  中譯:那是幅很多訪客觀賞的名畫.
 5. (a)Davids a charming magician<N.=S.C.>.   (b)Many people here hear about him<O.>.
Davids<S.+Vi.>a charming magician[whom<關代=who=that=O´.>many people<S´.>
here hear<Vi´.>about<>him.]   èDavids<S.+Vi.>a charming magician[about<>
who(x)/him(x)that(x)/whom(0)<關代=O´.>many people<S´.>here hear<Vi´.>.]
中譯:大衛是此地許多民眾聽聞過的迷人的魔術師.
.關代的所有格,無論/非人皆用whose;
也可寫成  ,the+部份+of+全部(whom/which),of+全部(whom/which)+the+部份
1. (a)Did you know the policeman over there?     (b)His names Frank.
Did you know the policeman over there/[his(x)/whose(0)name<S´.>is<Vi´.> Frank? ]/
[of whom<全部=關代>the name<部份=S´.>is<Vi´.> Frank? ]/
[,the name<部份=S´.>of him(x)/which(x)that(x)/whom<關代=全部>(0)is<Vi´.> Frank? ]
中譯:你認識他的名字是福蘭克的那個警察嗎?
  2. (a)That girl was my mousemate.(網友)        (b)Her brother was a musician.
That girl[her(x)/whose(0)brother<S´.>was<Vi´.>a musician]was my mousemate. è
That girl[of whom<關代>her brother<部份=S´.>was<Vi´.>a musician]was my mousemate. è
That girl[,the brother<部份=S´.>of her(x)/hers(x)/whom<全部>(0)was a musician]
was my mousemate.  中譯:她哥哥是音樂家的那女孩是我的網友
  3. (a)The lady is very brave.    (b)Her friends are proud of her.  The lady[whose
friends are proud of her]is very brave.  èThe lady[of..whom..the..friends/

,the..friends..of..her(x)/..whom(0)are proud of her]is very brave.

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