國三(上)文法 22-6
一. 情緒動詞用法
情緒動詞屬於及V.(Vt.),但其分身的用法常出現在句中:1.Ving(現分屬於形)表主動/進行
的意思,用於修飾事/物(sth.)與to(介)連用. 2.p.p.(過去分詞屬於形)表被動/完成的意思,
用於修飾人(sb.)與固定的介系詞搭配,稱為成語.
**
情緒V.的過去式與p.p.同形,都是在字尾+ed.
**當使用情緒V.的分身(現分/過分)造句時,句中需補上Lk.V.,如:V-be,get,turn,feel …
** bore與interest的現分,亦可用於修飾人(sb.)
例1.大衛是個有趣的演說者. David is an interested(x)/ interesting(0)speaker.
例2.我對大衛的演講很感興趣.(過去式/P.T.)
I<主人>was interesting(x)/
interested(0)to(x)/
in(0)David’s speech.
例2.1大衛的演說使我有興趣.(P.T.) David’s speech<主物>interested<及V.=P.T.>me.
è David’s speech<主物>was<Lk.V.=P.T.>interesting<現分=主動>in(x)/to(0)me.
例3.傑克是個無聊的人.(現在式) Jack
is a
bored(x)/ boring<現分=主動>(0)person.
例3.1傑克覺得很無聊.(現在式) Jack
is/felt<Lk.V.>boring(x)/
bored. <過分=被動>(0)
例3.2傑克覺得我的笑話很無聊.(P.T.) Jack felt<Lk.V.>boring(x)/bored(0)with my joke.
例3.3我的笑話讓傑克覺得很無聊.(P.T.) My joke<主物>bored<及V.=P.T.>Jack.
è My joke<主物>was<Lk.V.=P.T.>boring<現分=主動>with(x)/to(0)Jack.
例4.上網咖令漢克覺得很刺激.(未來式) To..go/ Going<主物>to the Net café will<語助V.>
excite<及V.=原V.>Hank. èTo..go/ Going<主物>to the Net café will be
exciting<現分=主動>to Hank. è Hank<主人>will be excited<過分=被動>
about<介>to..go(x)/going(0)to the Net café.
例5.老媽對我的數學一直很不滿.(完成式) Mom<主人>has
never been/felt<過分=完成>
satisfied<過分=被動>with my math. è My math<主物>has never satisfied
<過分=完成>Mom. è My math has never been satisfying<現分=主動>to Mom.
例6.我們對那場車禍覺得很驚訝.(P.T.) We<主人>were<Lk.V.=P.T.>surprised<過分=被動>at
the car accident. è That car accident<主物>surprised<及V.=P.T.>us.
è That car accident<主物>was surprising<現分=主動>to us.
例6.1.我們看到那場火災都很驚訝.(現在式)We
are surprised
to see
that fire.
例7.老媽厭煩拖地板.(現在式) Mom’s tired
to..mop(x)/ of..mopping(0)the
floor.
例7.1聽到那個消息,我們鬆了一口氣.(P.T.) We felt/ were<Lk.V.=P.T.>relaxed<過分=被動>
to..hear(x)/about..hearing(0)the
news.
例7.2你對做紙花有興趣嗎?(現在式) Are
you<主人>interested<過分=被動>to..make(x)/
in..making(0)paper
flowers?
例8.老爸很擔心你的健康.(現在式)Your
health worries<及V.>Dad. è Your health is worrying
<現分=主動>to Dad. è Dad is worried about your health.
二. that(conj.)+S.+V.,形成的子句,具有名詞的性質,所以整句可以做主詞(S.)/受詞(O.),故稱為名詞子句(N.Cl.)或間接句. 1.that子句的主詞,若是動詞時,只能變性為Ving(動名詞),不能用 to V.(不定詞) 2.that子句做受詞時,that通常省略 3.that子句做主詞/主詞補語(S.C.)/
受詞補語(O.C.)時,that不可省略.
4.主要子句(main..clause/主句)為過去式,that子句(名詞子句/從屬子句) 通常也用過去式.
例1.艾薇說:「我要去看電影了.」 (注意標點符號的用法)
Ivy said, “I’m going
to the
movies.” è “I’m going
to the
movies,” said
Ivy.
è Ivy said (that) she was going to the movies.
例2.布萊得說:「我得趕班機了.」Brad said,
“I have to catch the flight.”
è “I have to catch the flight,” said Brad.
è Brad said (that) he had to catch the flight.
5.若間接句所表達的事實/狀況,到目前仍未改變,則用現在式/未來式.
例1.喬說他的新公寓很大. Joe said (that) his new apartment is
very big.
例2.氣象報告說明天會下雨.The weather report
said (that)
it’s going to rain tomorrow.
6.that+S.+V.,做及V.或不及V.+介的受詞時,that 通常省略.
例1.你知道丹已經去醫院了嗎? Do you know <及V.>(that)<連>Dan’s gone to the hospital?
例2.我聽到有人在大聲地唱歌. I heard<及V.>(that)<連>someone<S.>was<V.>singing
loudly.
è I heard<及V.>someone<O.>sing<原不定=O.C.>/singing<現分=進行= O.C.>loudly.
例3.你相信/認為湯米會好好照料自己嗎? Do you believe/
think<及V.>(that)<連>Tommy
will take good care of himself?
/ his..own?
例4.雪莉告訴我們,她沒有和狄哥約會.Shirley
told us
(that) she
didn’t date<V.>..(with) /
have..a..date<N.>..with Dick.
例5.我們剛發現他不必住院了. We’ve just found out<介>(that)he won’t have to
stay in
the hospital.
7.主要子句是S.+不及V.<Vi.>+介+O.+that+S.+V.時,that子句,做受詞補語,that不可省略.
例1.潔西同意她媽媽說的,開車比較安全的多.Jessie agrees<Vi.>with<介>her mom<O.>
that<連>driving a car would be much safer.
例2.我們從網路上得知那家博物館星期一休息. We learned<Vi.>from<介>the
Net that<連>
the museum doesn’t open on Mondays.
8.think/ believe/
guess+ 否定的that子句(N.Cl.)時,that子句的否定詞(don’t/can’t/
didn’t/ couldn’t …)要移到主要子句中.
例1.我不認為你必須馬上離開. I don’t think (that)
you have
to leave
right away.
例2.老媽不相信我跟她說實話. Mom didn’t believe (that)
I told
her the
truth.
例3.我猜比爾這次不會準時. I don’t guess (that)
Bill will
be on
time this
time.
例4.我不認為扮成小丑很可愛. I don’t think/
believe (that)to..dress(x)/ dressing(0)
up as a clown is funny.
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