2015年11月4日 星期三

國二(上)文法 25-13 ans

                                 國二()文法                   25-13
一.  help (幫助)有兩個詞性,三種用法:
1.  help 一般V.(V.)+受詞+to V.+O.help(V.)+受詞+with()+O.
2.  help 使役V.(V.)+受詞+V.+ O.help(V.)+受詞+with()+O.
3.  help名詞(N.=S./O.)   4.help不及V.(Vi.)
1.史黛西常幫她媽家事嗎?   Does Stacy often
   help(一般V.=V.)her mom(O.)to..do/with the homework?
   help(使役V.=V.)her mom(O.)do/with the homework?
2.芬妮昨天幫我們清理廚房. Fanny helped(V.)us(O.)
   to..clean..up/ clean..up/ with the kitchen yesterday.
3.咱們來幫他搞定. Lets(使役V.)help(V.=V.)him(O.)out.
4.丹尼很少向他父母求助. Danny seldom asks(V.)
   help(N.=O.)..of..his..parents / his..parents..for..help.(N.=O.)
5.救命啊! 那間百貨公司失火了.
   Help(不及V.)! That department store is on fire.
.need(需要/必需=V.)的用法
 1.need當做一般V.,需靠V.(do/does/did/may/will …),
   才能形成 問句/否定句/否問句/簡答句/省略句,五種句型變化.
2.need當做語助V.,不用靠其他V.即可造五種句型.但在 簡答/省略 ­,只能
  用於否定的句子; can/may/will一樣,無單三式(字尾 +s).
*** need 後面接/(受格)受詞,簡答句/省略句,/ 不可省略.
 need後面接不定詞(to V.)受詞,簡答句/省略句,to V. 不能省略.
1.馬克需要在下午五點前交出作業. (need = 一般V.)
  Mark needed(一般V.)to hand in the homework by 5:00 p.m.
問句: Did Mark need to hand in the homework by 5:00 p.m.?
否定: Mark did not need to hand in the homework by 5:00 p.m.
      Mark didnt need to hand in the homework by 5:00 p.m.
否問: Did Mark not need to hand in the homework by 5:00 p.m.?
      Didnt Mark need to hand in the homework by 5:00 p.m.?
簡答: Yes, he needed. (x)/ needed..to. (0)/ did. (0)
      No, he needed..not. (語助V.) (0)/ needed..not..to. (x)/ didnt. (0)
省略: 馬克需要在下午五點前交出作業,而你也是.  /,但瑪莉不必.
  Mark needed to hand in the homework by 5:00 p.m.
  ,and you needed(x)/did(0) ,too.    /
  ,but Mary needed..not. (語助V.) (0)/ needed..not..to. (x)/ didnt. (0)
2.雪莉需要更常地練習. (need = 語助v.)
   Sherry needs(一般V.)practicing(x)/ to..practice(0)more often.
問句: Needs (x)/ Need(0)Sherry to..practice (x)/ practice(0)more often?
否定: Sherry needs..not(x)/need..not(0)practice more often.
否問: Need Sherry not practice more often?
      Neednt Sherry practice more often?
簡答: Yes, she need.(x)/ does.(0)
      No, she needs..not.(x)/ need..not.(0)/ neednt.(0)
省略: 雪莉不需要更常地練習,而仙蒂也一樣.  /,辛蒂.
   Sherry need..not /neednt practice more often.
   ,and Sandy need(x)/neednt(0),too.(x)/,either.(0)
   ,but Cindy need.(x)/needs.(x)/does.(0)
3.老爹需要一些紅茶. (need兩種用法Dad needs some black tea.
問句: Does Dad need some black tea?  /  Need Dad need some black tea?
否定: Dad does..not/doesnt need some black tea.
      Dad need..not /neednt some black tea.
否問: Does..Dad..not / Doesnt..Dad need some black tea?
      Need..Dad..not / Neednt..Dad some black tea?
簡答: Yes, he needs. (x)/ needs..it. (0)/ does. (0)
      No, he doesnt..need. (x)/ doesnt..need..it. (0)/ doesnt. (0)/neednt. (0)
省略: 老爹不需要紅茶,老媽也是.  / ,但我要.
  Dad doesnt..need/neednt any black tea
  ,and Mom does(x)/needs(x)/doesnt(0)/neednt(0),too.(x)/,either. (0)
  ,but I need.(x)/ need..it.(0)/ need..some.(0)/ do.(0)
.have/has to+V.,也有需要/必需的意思,一般V.,要用V.才能做句型變化.
.我阿公需要打流感疫苗了.
My grandpa has to get an injection for flu.
問句: Has(x)/Does(0)your grandpa have to get an injection for flu?
否定: My grandpa doesnt have to get an injection for flu.
否問: Doesnt my grandpa have to get an injection for flu?
簡答: Yes, he has.(x)/ has..to.(0)/ does.(0)
     No, he doesnt..have.(x)/ doesnt..have..to.(0)/ doesnt.(0)
省略: 我阿公需要打流感疫苗了,你的也要.   //,但他的不必.
My grandpa has to get an injection for flu

,and  yours does..,too. /has..to.   /,but his doesnt..have..to / doesnt.

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