國三(上)文法 22-10 ans

                                 國三(上)文法                       22-10

被動語態(Passive Voice= P.V.)<3-3>

九. 以助V(do/does/did)開頭的A.V. è P.V.

 例1.你們有慶祝雙十節嗎? Do you celebrate Double Tenth Day?  <A.V.>

 Is Double Tenth Day celebrated by you?   < P.V.>

例2.麥克有邀請米雪兒去他的派對嗎? Did Michael invite Michaelle to his party?  <A.V.>

Was Michaelle invited by Michael to his party?  <P.V.>

 例3.你妹妹喜歡吃零食嗎? Does your little sister enjoy having snacks?  <A.V.>

  Is having snacks enjoyed by your little sister? <P.V.>

 例4. 克拉克避免犯下那個大錯了嗎? Did Clark avoid making that big mistake?  <A.V.>

  Was making that big mistake avoided by Clark? <P.V.>

十. 以疑問詞(wh-)開頭的 A.V. è P.V.

 1. wh-是主詞(S.)的A.V. è P.V.    **wh- 永遠在句首

 例1.誰把我爸的車拖走了? Who<S.>dragged<Vt.=P.T.>away my dad’s car? <O.>  <A.V.>

Who(0)/Whom(0)was<V.=P.T.>my dad’s car<S.>dragged<p.p.=被動>away by?  <P.V.>

è By<介>who(x)/whom<受格>(0)was my dad’s car<S.> dragged away?  <P.V.>

例2.是誰創作這首旋律的? Who<S.>created<Vt.=P.T.>this melody? <O.>  <A.V.>

Who(0)/Whom(0)was<V.=P.T.>this melody<S.>created<p.p.=被動>by?  <P.V.>

è By<介>who(x)/whom<受格>(0)was<V.=P.T.>this melody<S.>created<p.p.=被動>?

 例3.誰擺設桌子的?  Who<S.>set<Vt.=P.T.>the table? <O.>  <A.V.>

Who(0)/Whom(0)was<V.=P.T.>the table<S.>set<p.p.=被動>by?  <P.V.>

èBy<介>who(x)/whom<受格>(0)was<V.=P.T.>the table<S.>set<p.p.=被動>?  <P.V.>

例4.誰在找我呢? Who<S.>is<V.>looking<現分=進行>for<介>me? <O.>  <A.V.>

Who(0)/Whom(0)am<V.>I<S.>being<現分=進行>looked<p.p.=被動>for<介>by<介>?  <P.V.>

èBy<介>who(x)/whom<受格>(0)am<V.>I<S.>being<現分=進行>looked<p.p.=被動>for? <P.V.>            例5.誰要在學校開演唱會呢? Who<S.>will<語助V.>hold<Vt.>a concert<O.>at school? <A.V.>

Who(0)/Whom(0)will<語助V.>a concert<S.>be<原V.>held<p.p.=被動>at school by? <P.V.>

èBy<介>whom<受格> will<語助V.>a concert<S.>be<原V.>held<p.p.=被動>at school? <P.V.>

例6.是什麼事讓珍妮驚喜的? What<S.>surprised<Vt.=P.T.>Jenny? <O.>   <A.V.>

What<O.>was<V.=P.T.>Jenny<S.>surprised<p.p.=被動>by? (x)/ at? (0)   <P.V.>

è At<介>what<O.>was<V.=P.T.>Jenny<S.>surprised<p.p.=被動>?   <P.V.>

例7.什麼東西讓那些小孩覚得有興趣? What<S.>interested<Vt.=P.T.>those children? <O.> <A.V.>

What<O.>were<V.=P.T.>those children<S.>interested<p.p.=被動>by? (x)/ in? (0) <P.V.>

è In<介>what<O.>were<V.=P.T.>those children<S.>interested? <p.p.=被動>  <P.V.>

2. wh-是受詞(O.)的A.V. è P.V.  **wh- 永遠在句首

例1.他們在戲院遇到了誰? Who<O.>did<助V.>they<S.>meet<Vt.>in the theater?  <A.V.>

è Who<S.>was<V.>met<p.p.=被動>by them<O.>in the theater?  <P.V.>

例2.伯朗女士需要面訪誰呢? Who<O.>does<助V.>Ms. Brown<S.>have<原V.>to interview?  <A.V.>

è Who<S.>has<V.>to be interviewed by Ms. Brown? <P.V.>

例3.他們在和誰聊天? Who<O.>are<V.=Pr.T.>they<S.>chatting<現分=進行>with? <介><A.V.>

è Who<S.>are(x)/is(0)being<現分=進行>chatted<p.p.=被動>with<介>by them? <P.V.>

例4.仙蒂在車庫裡看到了什麼? What<O.>did<助V.>Sandy<S.>see<Vt.>in the garage? <A.V.>

è What<S.>were(x)/ was(0)seen<p.p.=被動>in the garage by Sandy?  <P.V.>

例5劉太太剛在聽什麼? What<O.>did<助V.>Mrs. Liu<S.>listen<Vi.>to<介>just now?  <A.V.>

è What<S.>was<V.>listened<p.p.=被動>to<介>by Mrs. Liu just now?   <P.V.>

例6.蒂娜討厭哪個男生? Which boy<O.>does<助V.>Tina<S.>dislike? <Vt.>   <A.V.>

è Which boy<S.>is<V.>disliked<p.p.=被動>by Tina?   <P.V.> 

例7.你以前喜歡哪種運動? Which sport<O.>were<V.=P.T.>you<S.>fond<形>of<介>?  <A.V.>

è Which sport<S.>was<V.=P.T.>fond<形>of<介>by you?   <P.V.>

  3. wh-是副詞(adv.)的 A.V. è P.V.   **wh- 永遠在句首

 例1.你何時要佈置你的家? When are<V.>you<S.>going to decorate your house? <O.> <A.V.>

è When is<V.>your house<S.>going to be decorated<p.p.=被動>by you?  <P.V.>

 例2.我們可以在哪兒吹喇叭? Where can<語助V.>we<S.>play<Vt.>the trumpet? <O.> <A.V.>

è Where can<語助V.>the trumpet<S.>be<原V.>played<p.p.=被動>by us?   <P.V.>

 例3.警方為什麼做這份報告? Why did<助V.>the police<S.>do the report? <O.> <A.V.>

è Why was<V.>this report<S.>done<p.p.=被動>by the police? <O.>   <P.V.>

 例4.布萊德如何找到他遺失的電子字典呢? How did<助V.>Brad find his lost electronic      dictionary?<O.> <A.V.>       è How was<V.>Brad’s lost electronic dictionary<S.>

found<p.p.=被動>by him?  <P.V.>

 例5.你姊有多喜歡哈利波特? How(much)does<助V.>your big sister like<Vt.>Harry

Potter? <O.> <A.V.>è How is<V.>Harry Potter<S.>liked<p.p.=被動>by your big sister? <P.V.>

 例6.你媽多久燙一次衣服? How often does<助V.>your mom<S.>iron<Vt.>the clothes?<O.> <A.V.>

è  How often are<V.>the clothes<S.>ironed<p.p.=被動>by your mom? <O.>  <P.V.>

十一. 祈使句的A.V. è P.V. ,一律以let<使役V.>開頭

 1.主詞是第二人稱(you)時,<通常被省略>

例1.請接電話.(You)Answer<Vt.>the phone<O.>,please.  <A.V.> 

è Let<使役V.>the phone be<原V.>answered<p.p.=被動>by you.  <P.V.>

例2.請吹熄蠟燭.Please blow<Vt.>out the candles.<O.>  <A.V.>

è Let<使役V.>the candles<O.>be<原V.>blown<p.p.=被動>out by you.  <P.V.>

例3.不要把收音機關小聲. Don’t turn<原V.=Vt.>the radio<O.>down.  <A.V.>

è Don’t let the radio<O.>be turned<p.p.=被動>down.  <P.V.>

è Let the radio<O.>not be turned<p.p.=被動>down.  <P.V.>

例4.請勿關瓦斯.Please don’t turn off the gas.<O.><A.V.>   è Please don’t let the gas<O.>

be turned<p.p.>off by you.  è Please let the gas<O.>not be turned off by you.  <P.V.>