國三(上)文法 22-10
被動語態(Passive
Voice= P.V.)<3-3>
九. 以助V(do/does/did)開頭的A.V. è P.V.
例1.你們有慶祝雙十節嗎? Do you celebrate
Double Tenth
Day?
<A.V.>
Is Double Tenth Day celebrated by
you?
< P.V.>
例2.麥克有邀請米雪兒去他的派對嗎? Did Michael invite
Michaelle to
his party? <A.V.>
Was Michaelle
invited by
Michael to
his party? <P.V.>
例3.你妹妹喜歡吃零食嗎? Does your little sister enjoy
having snacks? <A.V.>
Is having snacks
enjoyed by
your little
sister? <P.V.>
例4. 克拉克避免犯下那個大錯了嗎? Did Clark avoid making that big mistake? <A.V.>
Was making that big mistake avoided by Clark? <P.V.>
十. 以疑問詞(wh-)開頭的 A.V. è P.V.
1. wh-是主詞(S.)的A.V.
è P.V. **wh-
永遠在句首
例1.誰把我爸的車拖走了? Who<S.>dragged<Vt.=P.T.>away my dad’s car? <O.> <A.V.>
Who(0)/Whom(0)was<V.=P.T.>my dad’s car<S.>dragged<p.p.=被動>away by? <P.V.>
è By<介>who(x)/whom<受格>(0)was my dad’s car<S.>
dragged away? <P.V.>
例2.是誰創作這首旋律的? Who<S.>created<Vt.=P.T.>this melody?
<O.> <A.V.>
Who(0)/Whom(0)was<V.=P.T.>this melody<S.>created<p.p.=被動>by? <P.V.>
è By<介>who(x)/whom<受格>(0)was<V.=P.T.>this
melody<S.>created<p.p.=被動>?
例3.誰擺設桌子的? Who<S.>set<Vt.=P.T.>the table?
<O.> <A.V.>
Who(0)/Whom(0)was<V.=P.T.>the table<S.>set<p.p.=被動>by?
<P.V.>
èBy<介>who(x)/whom<受格>(0)was<V.=P.T.>the table<S.>set<p.p.=被動>? <P.V.>
例4.誰在找我呢? Who<S.>is<V.>looking<現分=進行>for<介>me?
<O.> <A.V.>
Who(0)/Whom(0)am<V.>I<S.>being<現分=進行>looked<p.p.=被動>for<介>by<介>? <P.V.>
èBy<介>who(x)/whom<受格>(0)am<V.>I<S.>being<現分=進行>looked<p.p.=被動>for? <P.V.> 例5.誰要在學校開演唱會呢? Who<S.>will<語助V.>hold<Vt.>a concert<O.>at school? <A.V.>
Who(0)/Whom(0)will<語助V.>a concert<S.>be<原V.>held<p.p.=被動>at school by? <P.V.>
èBy<介>whom<受格> will<語助V.>a concert<S.>be<原V.>held<p.p.=被動>at school? <P.V.>
例6.是什麼事讓珍妮驚喜的? What<S.>surprised<Vt.=P.T.>Jenny? <O.> <A.V.>
What<O.>was<V.=P.T.>Jenny<S.>surprised<p.p.=被動>by? (x)/ at?
(0) <P.V.>
è At<介>what<O.>was<V.=P.T.>Jenny<S.>surprised<p.p.=被動>? <P.V.>
例7.什麼東西讓那些小孩覚得有興趣? What<S.>interested<Vt.=P.T.>those children?
<O.> <A.V.>
What<O.>were<V.=P.T.>those children<S.>interested<p.p.=被動>by? (x)/ in?
(0) <P.V.>
è In<介>what<O.>were<V.=P.T.>those
children<S.>interested? <p.p.=被動> <P.V.>
2. wh-是受詞(O.)的A.V. è P.V. **wh- 永遠在句首
例1.他們在戲院遇到了誰? Who<O.>did<助V.>they<S.>meet<Vt.>in the theater?
<A.V.>
è Who<S.>was<V.>met<p.p.=被動>by them<O.>in the theater? <P.V.>
例2.伯朗女士需要面訪誰呢? Who<O.>does<助V.>Ms. Brown<S.>have<原V.>to interview? <A.V.>
è Who<S.>has<V.>to be interviewed
by Ms.
Brown? <P.V.>
例3.他們在和誰聊天? Who<O.>are<V.=Pr.T.>they<S.>chatting<現分=進行>with? <介><A.V.>
è Who<S.>are(x)/is(0)being<現分=進行>chatted<p.p.=被動>with<介>by them?
<P.V.>
例4.仙蒂在車庫裡看到了什麼? What<O.>did<助V.>Sandy<S.>see<Vt.>in the garage? <A.V.>
è What<S.>were(x)/
was(0)seen<p.p.=被動>in the garage by Sandy? <P.V.>
例5劉太太剛在聽什麼? What<O.>did<助V.>Mrs. Liu<S.>listen<Vi.>to<介>just
now? <A.V.>
è What<S.>was<V.>listened<p.p.=被動>to<介>by Mrs. Liu just now? <P.V.>
例6.蒂娜討厭哪個男生? Which boy<O.>does<助V.>Tina<S.>dislike?
<Vt.> <A.V.>
è Which
boy<S.>is<V.>disliked<p.p.=被動>by Tina? <P.V.>
例7.你以前喜歡哪種運動? Which sport<O.>were<V.=P.T.>you<S.>fond<形>of<介>? <A.V.>
è Which
sport<S.>was<V.=P.T.>fond<形>of<介>by you? <P.V.>
3. wh-是副詞(adv.)的 A.V. è P.V. **wh- 永遠在句首
例1.你何時要佈置你的家? When are<V.>you<S.>going to decorate your
house? <O.>
<A.V.>
è When is<V.>your house<S.>going to be decorated<p.p.=被動>by you? <P.V.>
例2.我們可以在哪兒吹喇叭? Where can<語助V.>we<S.>play<Vt.>the trumpet? <O.>
<A.V.>
è Where
can<語助V.>the trumpet<S.>be<原V.>played<p.p.=被動>by us? <P.V.>
例3.警方為什麼做這份報告? Why did<助V.>the
police<S.>do the report? <O.>
<A.V.>
è Why was<V.>this report<S.>done<p.p.=被動>by the police? <O.> <P.V.>
例4.布萊德如何找到他遺失的電子字典呢? How did<助V.>Brad
find his
lost electronic
dictionary?<O.> <A.V.> è How was<V.>Brad’s lost electronic
dictionary<S.>
found<p.p.=被動>by him? <P.V.>
例5.你姊有多喜歡哈利波特? How(much)does<助V.>your big sister like<Vt.>Harry
Potter? <O.> <A.V.>è How is<V.>Harry Potter<S.>liked<p.p.=被動>by your big sister?
<P.V.>
例6.你媽多久燙一次衣服? How often does<助V.>your mom<S.>iron<Vt.>the clothes?<O.>
<A.V.>
è How often are<V.>the clothes<S.>ironed<p.p.=被動>by your mom? <O.> <P.V.>
十一. 祈使句的A.V. è P.V.
,一律以let<使役V.>開頭
1.主詞是第二人稱(you)時,<通常被省略>
例1.請接電話.(You)Answer<Vt.>the phone<O.>,please. <A.V.>
è Let<使役V.>the
phone be<原V.>answered<p.p.=被動>by you. <P.V.>
例2.請吹熄蠟燭.Please
blow<Vt.>out the candles.<O.> <A.V.>
è Let<使役V.>the
candles<O.>be<原V.>blown<p.p.=被動>out by you.
<P.V.>
例3.不要把收音機關小聲. Don’t turn<原V.=Vt.>the radio<O.>down. <A.V.>
è Don’t let the radio<O.>be turned<p.p.=被動>down.
<P.V.>
è Let the radio<O.>not be turned<p.p.=被動>down.
<P.V.>
例4.請勿關瓦斯.Please
don’t turn off the gas.<O.><A.V.> è Please
don’t let the gas<O.>
be turned<p.p.>off by you. è Please let the gas<O.>not be turned off by you.
<P.V.>
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